Unit 6: Competitions – Language Focus: Reported speech with gerunds.
Câu tường thuật với V-ing là dạng cao cấp của câu tường thuật. Tùy theo, tình huống nội dung của câu sẽ sản sinh ra động từ tường thuật phù hợp với nội dung của câu tường thuật ấy. Như vậy, người học phải hiểu nội dung của câu mình muốn tường thuật. Đồng thời, người học phải bỏ phần nội dung dẫn đến động từ tường thuật. Ví dụ: “No, no. I did not tell him this information” – trong câu này sẽ sử dụng động từ tường thuật DENIED khi đó đoạn “”No, no. I did not” sẽ biến mất – không xuất hiện trong câu tường thuật nữa! Mời các bạn xem qua 1 số ví dụ cụ thể để hiểu hơn về câu tường thuật dạng này!
REPORTED SPEECH WITH GERUND. Chúng ta sử dụng danh động từ sau các V tường thuật sau theo các cấu trúc dưới đây.
1 . Apologize / apologise for V-ing (xin lỗi về việc gì) :
Ex:
+ “Sorry, I’m late.” She said. – She apologized for being late.
+ “ Sorry, I made you disappointed”, the man said. – The man apologized for making me disappointed.
2 . Accuse + O + of V-ing (buộc tội ai về điều gì)
Ex: “You have stolen my bike yesterday.” the boy said to his friend.
– The boy accused his friend of having stolen his bike the day before.
3. Admit (admitted) + V-ing : chấp nhận / thú nhận điều gì.
Ex: “ I told lies”, he said. – He admitted telling lies.
4. Congratulate + O + on V-ing (Chúc mừng ai về việc gì).
Ex: “Congratulation! You won the quiz show.”, my teacher said to me – My teacher congratulated me on winning the …………
5. Deny + V-ing ( từ chối, phủ nhận điều gì)
Ex: “ I didn’t do that”, he said. – He denied doing that.
6. Dream (dreamt / dreamed) of V-ing(mơ về việc gì / điều gì)
Ex: “ I want to have more money.” the ma said. – The man dreamed of having more money.
7. Insist on + V-ing : (khăng khăng, cố nài, năn nỉ làm việc gì)
Ex: “ I really need to meet you”, he said to her. – He insisted on meeting her.
8. Look forward to V-ing (rất mong đợi / nòng lòng làm việc gì)
Ex: “ I feel like to go out with you tonight.” The boy said to his friend. – The boy looked forward to going out with his friend”
9. Prevent + O + from V-ing = Stop + O + from V-ing. (ngăn cản ko cho ai làm gì)
Ex: “I won’t allow you to play games ”, mother said to the boy. – Mother prevented / stopped the boy from playing games.
10. Suggest + V-ing : Đề nghị làm gì
Suggest that S + should + V (ng thể) + ….. : Đề nghị rằng ai đó nên làm gì.
Ex: “ Shall we go out for dinner ?” he said to us. – He suggested going out for dinner. – He suggested that we should go out for dinner.
11.Thank + O + for V-ing (cảm ơn ai về việc gì)
Ex: “ It’s very kind of you to show me the way”, the stranger said to the little girl. – The stranger thanked the little girl for showing him the way.
12.Think (thought) of V-ing ( nghĩ đến việc gì)
Ex: “ He’s in need. I think I’ll help him.” I said. – I thought of helping him.
13.Warn + O + against / about V-ing : khuyến cáo / cảnh báo ai về việc gì.
Ex: “ Don’t be late for school once again”, his former teacher said to him. – His former teacher warned him against being late for school.
CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT VỚI “V-ING”
Reported speech with gerund: (câu gián tiếp với danh động từ)
# Động từ tường thuật + V-ing…….
* Động từ tường thuật: deny, admit, suggest, regret………..
Ex: He said to me; “Let’s go home”
-> He suggested going home
# Động từ tường thuật + giới từ + V-ing…
* Động từ tường thuật: dream of, object to, insist on, complain about, think of, look forward to………
Ex: “I’ll help you with your physics exercise,” Peter said to Susan.
—> Peter insisted on helping Susan with her physics exercise.
# Động từ tường thuật + giới từ + tân ngữ + V-ing…
* Động từ tường thuật: thank sb for, accuse sb of, congratulate sb on, apologize sb for, warn sb against, prevent sb from, stop sb from…
Ex1: “It was nice of you to help me. Thank you very much,” Tom said to you.
—> Tom thanked me for helping him.
Ex2: “I’m sorry I’m late,” Peter said.
—> Peter apologised for being late.
Danh động từ tường thuật thường đi theo động từ tường thuật “suggest” trong các mẫu câu đề nghị sau:
• Why don’t you/ Why not / How about -> suggest + sb + V-ing
• Let’s / Let’s not -> suggest + V-ing/ suggest + not+ V-ing
• Shall we/ It’s a good idea -> suggest + V-ing.
a. Cảm ơn, xin lỗi:
S + thanked + s.o + for + v-ing
S + apologized for + (not) + v-ing
S + apologized + to + s.o + for + (not) + v-ing
Ex1: “It was nice of you to help me. Thank you very much,” Tom said to you.
—> Tom thanked me for helping him.
Ex2: “I’m sorry I’m late,” Peter said.
—> Peter apologised for being late.
b. Chúc mừng:
S + congratulated + s.o + on + v-ing
Ex: John said, “I heard you received the scholarship. Congratulations!”
—> John congratulated me on receiving the scholarship.
“I hear you passed your exams. Congratulations!” John said to us.
-> Tom congratulated us on passing our exams
c. Cương quyết, khăng khăng:
S + insisted + on + v-ing…
Ex: “I’ll help you with your physics exercise,” Peter said to Susan.
—> Peter insisted on helping Susan with her physics exercise.
“I’ll drive you to the station. I insist,” Peter said to Linda
-> Peter insisted on driving Linda to the station
d. Cảnh báo, ngăn cản:
Lời cảnh báo như : be careful, be dangerous
a. S + warned + s.o + to verb…
b. S + warned + s.o + against + v-ing …
ex1: “Be careful of strangers and don’t go out at night”; he said
-> He warned us to be careful strangers and not to go out at night
Ex2: “Don’t stay at the near the airport,” I said to Ann
-> I warned Ann against staying at the hotel near the airport
Ex3: “Don’t go out alone at night,” I said to Linda.
—> I warned Linda against going out alone at night.
Ngăn cản: S + prevented, stopped + s.o + from + v-ing…
Ex1: “Stay here! I can’t let you go out tonight,” her mother said to Jane
-> Her mother prevented Jane from going out that night
Ex2: “Sit here. I can’t let you stand all the time,” Mary said to me.
—> Mary prevented me from standing all the time.
e. Chấp nhận hoặc phủ nhận:
Ex1: “We stole his money,” they said.
—> They admitted stealing his money.
Ex2: “I didn’t steal his money,” she said.
—> She denied stealing his money.
f. Đề nghị, gợi ý:
S + suggest + (not) + V-ing …
S1 + suggest (ed) + That + S2 + should + bare infinitive
Ex: He said to me; “Let’s go home”
-> He suggested going home
-> He suggested that we should go home
Ex: “Let’s go out for a drink,” Susan said.
—> Susan suggested going out for a drink.
g. Tố cáo, buộc tội:
Ex: “You took some of my money,” he said.
—> He accused me of taking some of his money.
h. Mơ ước:
S + dreamed + of + v-ing…
Ex: “I want to pass the exam with flying colours,” John said.
—> John dreamed of passing the exam with flying colours.
“I’ve always wanted to be rich, ” Bob said
-> Bob had always dreamed of being rich
i. Sự suy nghĩ về cái gì:
S + think (thought) + of +v-ing…
Ex: John’s wife: The house is very nice! We’ll certainly buy it
John : I think so
-> John and his wife were thinking of buying the house.
k. Sự chấp nhận:
S + admitted + v-ing…
Detective: You have stolen Mrs. Brown’s car!
The thief: Yes…! But…
-> The thief admitted stealing/having stolen Mrs Brown’s car.
l. Sự mong đợi
S + looked forward to + v-ing…
Ex: “Mr.Smith: I feel like meeting our children soon”
Mrs Smith: I think so
-> Mr and Mrs. Smith looked forward to meeting their children soon
PRACTICE
Rewrite the following sentences in reported speech with Gerund
1.“Why don’t we organize an English competition for our students?” said Ms Lien.
Ms Lien suggested …………………………………………………………………………………….
2.“I’m sorry I’m late,’ said Mr Thanh.
Mr Thanh apologized ……………………………………………………………………………….
3.“Me? No, I didn’t take Sue’s calculator,” Said Bob.
Bob denied ……………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.“You took my pencil,” said David to Henry.
David accused ………………………………………………………………………………………….
5.“I must see the manager,” he cried.
He insisted ……………………………………………………………………………………………….
6.“If you wanted to take my bike, you should have asked me first,” said Mike to his brother.
Mike criticized …………………………………………………………………………………………
7.“ You won the scholarship. Congratulation!” Mary told me.
Mary congratulated .………………………………………………………………………………….
8.“It was kind of you to help me with my homework,” Lan said to Hoa.
Lan thanked …………………………………………………………………………………………..
9. “Turn off the computer. You are not allowed to play games now,” Dick’s mother said to him.
Dick’s mother prevented ……………………………………………………………………………….
10. “I’m sorry that I broke the glass,” said Peter.
Peter apologized …………………………………………………………………………………….
11. “Let’s invite Mr. Brown to the party next weekend,” he said.
He suggested …………………………………………………………………………………………..
12.“You stole the jewels,” the inspector said to him.
The inspector accused …….…………………………………………………………………………..
13.“I only borrowed your car for some hours,” the man said.
The man admitted ……………………………………………………………………………………..
14.“I’m sorry I damaged your tape recorder, Mike,” said Bob.
Bob apologized ……………………………………………………………………………………….
15. “It’s nice of you to invite me to lunch,” Bob said to John.
Bob thanked ………………………………………………………………………………………….
16. Carol said, “What about going to the cinema this weekend, Max ?”
Carol suggested …………………………………………………………………………………….
17. “I’m sorry I forgot your birthday,” Dave said Julia.
Dave apologized …………………………………………………………………………………….
18. “Why didn’t you tell me the truth?” he said to me.
He accused ……………………………………………………………………………………………
19. “Don’t go near that deserted house,” Tony said to Monica.
Tony warned …………………………………………………………………………………………..
20. “I’m sorry. I broke the vase,” my son said.
My son admitted ………………………………………………………………………………………
21. “You cheated in the exam,” the teacher said to Jack.
The teacher accused ………………………………………………………………………………..
22. “Great! You are well-dressed today, Mary,” Tommy said.
Tommy complimented ……………………………………………………………………………….
23. “You have just got a promotion, haven’t you? Congratulation!” Peter said to her friend.
Peter congratulated …………………………………………………………………………………..
24. “You mustn’t get into this area,” the policeman said to them.
The policeman stopped …………………………………………………………………………….
25. “I know I’m wrong,” he said.
He admitted …………………………………………………………………………………………….
26. “I didn’t say that last night,” Joan said.
Joan denied ……..………………………………………………………………………………………..
27. “If only I had told him the truth!” Jane said.
Jane regrets ……………………………………………………………………………………………..
28. “I haven’t finished the assignment yet. I’m really sorry”.
The boy apologized .…………………………………………………………………………………
29. “It’s you who took my bag,” the man said to the boy.
The man accused …………………………………………………………………………………….
30. “No, no. I really must sit for the test,” Hilary said.
Hilary insisted …….……………………………………………………………………………………
31. “What I always want is to become a doctor,” she said.
She dreamt ………………………………………………………………………………………………..
32. “I can’t let you use the mobile phone,” his mother said to him.
His mother prevented …………………………………………………………………………..
33. “I like this car. I’ll buy it,” Christina said.
Christina thought ……………..……………………………………………………………………..
34. “I feel like going to America next month,” Margaret said.
Margaret looked forward to ………………………………………………………………………..
35. “It was your fault. You didn’t tell me,” she told me
She blamed ………………………………………………………………………………………
36. “I don’t think that we must widen the village road”, he said
He objected ……………………..……………………………………………
37. “You are so selfish to behave like this,” my mother said to him.
My mother criticized …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
38. “I wish to speak English very fluently,” said Stella.
Stella dreamt ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
39. “I must go home now,” said Daisy
Daisy insisted ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
40.”Sorry teacher, I didn’t do the homework,” Philip said to his teacher.
Philip apologized to …………………………………………………………………………………………………
41. “You didn’t pay attention to what I said,” the teacher said to him
The teacher accused ………………………………………………………………………………………………….
42. “I hear you passed your exams. Congratulations!” Mark said to us.
Mark congratulated ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
43. “It was nice of you to visit me. Thank you,” Miss White said to Jack.
Miss White thanked …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
44. “I’ve always wanted to be rich” Bob said.
Bob dreamed ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
45. “Why don’t we go to the beach tonight for a change?” said Henry.
Henry suggested ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
46. “You failed to save my husband’s life,” she said to the doctors.
She blamed ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
47. “Let me pay for the meal,” said Ben.
Ben insisted ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
48. “Yes. I’ve spent too much money doing the shopping,” she said.
She admitted ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
49. “Well done, Tom. You won the game,” said the teacher.
The teacher congratulated ……………………………………………………………………………………….
50. “Beware of this bad road! It’s very dangerous to drive on it!” He said to us.
He warned …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
* HƯỚNG DẪN GIẢI CHI TIẾT
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