Xác định Tense ở 1 câu đơn đã khó, xác định thì ở câu phức lại càng khó hơn. Thật ra, theo mình xác định Tense ở những câu phức, đơn giản hơn. Vì thông thường các bài tập dạng này thường cho 1 vế, bắt tìm thì đúng ở vế còn lại? Thông thường nguyên tắc đơn giản thôi, 1 thì trong tiếng thường kết hợp với 1 vài thì nhất đơn nào đó. Cụ thể như thế nào? các bạn xem nha!
* File gồm: lý thuyết được trình bày dưới dạng so sánh, đối chiếu và bài tập ứng dụng.
SEQUENCE OF TENSES IN ADVERBIAL CLAUSES OF TIME
Söï phoái hôïp thì cuûa caùc ñoäng töø trong meänh ñeà chính vaø meänh ñeà traïng ngöõ chæ thôøi gian nhö sau:
|
MAIN CLAUSE |
ADVERBIAL CLAUSE OF TIME |
|
Present tenses |
|
Past tenses |
|
Present tenses |
– Meänh ñeà traïng ngöõ chæ thôøi gian thöôøng ñược baét ñaàu vôùi caùc tö ønoái sau: when, whenever/ every (time), while, as, before, after, as soon as, once, just as, till, until, since, as long as/ so long as, by (the time), no sooner…than… , hardly/barely/ scarely…when…, …
Notes: khoâng ñöôïc duøng thì töông lai (future tenses) trong caùc meänh deà traïng ngöõ chæ thôøi gian (coù theå thay baèng thì hieän taïi).
Example: I’ll ask her when she arrives tomorrow. (NOT: when she will arrive tomorrow)
* Moät soá tröôøng hôïp cuï theå:
|
MAIN CLAUSE |
ADVERBIAL CLAUSE OF TIME |
| A. Simple present
Eg1: We always take our umbrellas with us
Eg2: I usually read a newspaper
Ex3: He never goes home |
1. Simple present: thường chỉ hành động xảy ra thường xuyên, theo thói quen.
when it rains. 2. Present continuous: chæ haønh ñoäng coù tính chaát lieân tuïc, đang diễn ra. while I am waiting for the bus. 3. Present perfect (nhấn mạnh trước sau ở hiện tại) before he has finished his work. |
| B. Simple past Eg4: I sat near the window Eg5: I met him
Eg6: I met him
Eg7: He left |
1. Simple past: chæ haønh ñoäng theo thoùi quen trong quaù khö.ù
whenever I took a bus. 2. Past continuous: chỉ hành động đang xảy ra, thì hành động ở mệnh đề chính xảy ra (xen vào). while I was walking down the street 3. Past perfect: haønh ñoäng xaûy ra tröôùc haønh ñoäng ôû meänh ñeà chính. (nhấn mạnh trước sau trong quá khứ). after/ as soon as he had finished work. 4. Simple past (liên tiếp nhau trong quá khứ) when I got there. |
Eg8: It was raining hard (Chú ý: một số Đồng từ thường không sd thể tiếp diễn) Eg9: I was watching T.V |
1. Simple past (xen vào khi có hành động đang xảy ra trong quá khứ)
when I got there. 2. Past continuous: hành ñoäng xaûy ra song song vôùi haønh ñoäng ôû meänh ñeà chính while my father was reading. |
Eg10: The train had already left |
Simple past: haønh ñoäng xay ra sau haønh ñoäng ôû meänh ñeà chính.
when/ before I arrived at the station. |
Eg11: She has played the piano
Eg12: I have felt much better |
1. Simple past: hanh ñoäng ñaõ baét ñaàu ôû quaù khöù.
since she was a child. 2. Present perfect: haønh ñoäng vaãn coøn toàn taïi ôû hieän taïi since I have been here. ( I’m still here now) |
Eg13: I’m going to wait
Eg14: We will go
Eg15: We will go |
1. Present pefect: nhaán maïnh söï hoaøn taát cuûa haønh ñoäng
until you have finished your work.
as soon as you have finished your work. 2. Simple present: sự thật, có thể xảy ra. when you finish your work. |
Eg16: We’ll have already finished the work |
Simple present: mang yù nghóa töông lai
when you get back. |
| * Mặc dù có biến thể (ngoại lệ) nhưng về cơ bản sự hòa hợp thì trong mệnh đề trang ngữ sẽ như trên. | |
I. Choose the appropriate verb tense (the common one) to use with the following time clauses.
1. While I _______________ hard tomorrow, I will think of you, you lazy dog.
a. will work b. am working c. work d. will be working
2. ___________ I saw Kristina for the first time, I thought she had a mustache.
a. if b. when c. while d. after
3. As soon as I get home, I ____________ you.
a. will call b. call c. am going call d. calling
4. Yesterday, after I _______________ dinner, my sister came over.
a. will finish b. finish c. had finished d. finishing
5. The movie ___________ by the time I got to the theater.
a. started b. had started c. starts d. was start
6. I ________________ you since I ______________ you.
a. have hated / met b. hate / me c. have hated / have met d. will hate / meet
7. Yesterday, while I ________________ dinner, my mother _______________.
a. ate / called b. was eat / called
c. was eating / was calling d. was eating / called.
8. Tomorrow, while I _______________ dinner, I _______________ the newspaper.
a. eat / read b. am eating / will read
c. eating / will read d. will be reading / will read.
9. By the time I got to the game, it ________________.
a. had started b. has started c. will have started d. started
10. I _______________ you when I arrive in Korea.
a. would call b. will call c. called d. call
11. Yesterday at 8:00 p.m, ________________.
a. she will study b. she studies c. she was studying d. she had studied
12. Tomorrow after I _____________ class, I will go to that new restaurant.
a. finishes b. will finish c. have finished d. finish
13. Every time I _____________ his face, I get sick to my stomach.
a. will see b. saw c. see d. have seen
14. Two days ago, their car broke down while they _____________ to Philadelphia.
a. drove b. was driving c. were driving d. drive
15. Tomorrow, while I ______________, I will think of you watching TV on the couch.
a. will be working b. am working c. works d. worked
16. I will call you _____________ I get back from the party.
a. because b. as soon as c. while d. as
17. She has not even looked at another man ____________ she married Tom two weeks ago.
a. since b. when c. before d. while
18. I will love you ______________ I die.
a. as soon as b. after c. until d. when
19. The fire alarm rang __________ Ned was working in his office yesterday.
a. while b. as soon as c. until d. before
20. By the time Oscar got to the airport, the plane _____________.
a. had already left b. left c. will leave d. leaving
II. Choose the appropriate verb tense (the common one) to use with the following time clauses.
1. I will call you before I ________ over.
A. come B. will come C. will be coming D. came
2. After she graduates, she ________ a job.
A. got B. will get C. had got D. get
3. When I _________ him tomorrow, I will ask him.
A. saw B. have seen C. will see D. see
4. As soon as it _________ raining, we will leave.
A. stops B. stop C. had stopped D. stopped
5. By the time he comes, we will have already __________.
A. leave B. leaving C. left D. leaves
6. Whenever I ________ her, I say hello.
A. see B. will see C. will have seen D. saw
7. The next time I go to New York, I am going ________ a ballet.
A. seeing B. see C. saw D. to see
8. I will never speak to him again so long as I _______.
A. lives B. will live C. am living D. live
9. By the time Bill ____ to bed tomorrow, he will have had a full day and will be ready for sleep.
A. had gone B. will go C. goes D. went
10. As soon as I finish my report, I will call you and we ________ out for dinner.
A. went B. will go C. will have gone D. go
11. By the time I return to my country, I _________ away from home for more than three years.
A. would be B. will have been C. will be D. am
12. After he _______ breakfast tomorrow, he will get ready to go to work.
A. will have had B. has C. will be having D. have
13. As soon as he finishes dinner, he _______ the children for a work to a nearby playground.
A. will take B. takes C. will be taking D. took
14. When Bill gets home, his children ___________ in the yard.
A. played B. will play C. will be playing D. play
15. He will work at his desk until he ______ to another meeting in the middle of the afternoon.
A. went B. go C. will go D. goes
16. She ________ lunch by the time we arrived.
A. finished B. has finished C. had finished D. finishing
17. Bob will come soon. When Bob _______, we will see him.
A. come B. will come C. will be coming D. comes
18. I will get home at 5:30. After I get home, I ________ dinner.
A. will have B. will be having C. had D. have
19. As soon as the taxi _________, we will be able to leave for the airport.
A. arrives B. arrive C. will arrive D. arrived
20. I will go to bed after I _________my work.
A. finish B. finished C. will finish D. finishes
21. I ________ here when you arrive tomorrow.
A. am B. had been C. could be D. will be
22. I am going to wait right here until Jessica ________.
A. comes B. will have come C. is coming D. came
23. As soon as the war ________over, there will be great joy throughout the land.
A. are B. will be C. is D. would be
24. Right now the tide is low, but when the tide comes in, the ship ______ the harbor.
A. left B. will leave C. will have left D. leave
25. I am going to start making dinner before my wife ______ home from work today.
A. get B. gets C. will get D. got
III. Identify the underlined part that needs correction:
26. When it raining, I usually go to school by bus.
27. I learned a lot of Japanese while I am in Tokyo.
28. I have not been well since I return home.
29. I’ll stay here until will you get back.
30. When Sam was in New York, he stays with his cousins.
31. Last night, I had gone to bed after I had finished my homework.
32. I will call you before I will come over.
33. Ever since I was a child, I had been afraid of dogs.
34. By the time I left my apartment this morning, someone looked for me.
35. Whenever Mark will be angry, his nose gets red.
36. I had fried chicken when I am at the restaurant.
A B C D
37. The first time that I went to New York, I go to an opera.
A B C D
38. Before I arrived, he was talking on the phone.
A B C D
39. When she will see him tomorrow, she will ask him.
A B C D
40. As I was walking home, it begin to rain.
A B C D
41. We stayed there after we finished our work.
A B C D
42. Once it will stop raining, we will leave.
A B C D
43. I will never speak to him again as long as I will live.
A B C D
44. As soon as the other passengers gets on the bus, we’ll leave.
A B C D
45. As soon as I will finish my report, I’ll call you and we’ll go out to dinner.
A B C D
46. Mark was listening to music after his sister was reading a book.
A B C D
47. Sam hadn’t received the parcel when I speak to him.
A B C D
48. I have been hoping to meet you before I read your first novel.
A B C D
49. By the time you finishes getting ready, we will have missed the train.
A B C D
50. When you will arrive, there will be someone to meet.
A B C D
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